Timextender Odx Server

As you are most likely well aware of at this time, timeXtender is a meta data driven tool that generates code for SQL, SSIS and SSAS. Or to emphasize even more, timeXtender is the meta data thus just needs to put it in a document. Connect to an ODX Server; Set Up Repository. Activate Discovery Hub (link to section). When you run an unactivated instance of Discovery Hub.

Many new features have been made available within Windows Server 2012. They range across all product features of Windows Server 2012 from User Interfaces through to kernel changes. Some of these new features you will be able to explicitly interact with, enable and use, and others will be implicitly made available. The Windows Server 2012 Offloaded Data Transfer (ODX) is one of these implicit features … well, where it’s supported.

What does ODX help us do?

The key is in the name, and Offloaded Data Transfer, does just that … offload the data transfer activity to a storage array. The power of ODX is in its leveraging the resources of the storage array itself. Systems expend a good deal of resource in copying data from a storage array, to turn around and push the same data back out to the array. This happens when users make duplicate copies of data sets (files in this case), or when someone copies a file from one LUN to another. Users will often complain about the time it takes to copy data from one LUN to a LUN on a different server, where the data has to travel from the storage array to the originating server, and then across an Ethernet connection to the receiving server and then finally to a LUN.

Not only does this sort of copy activity consume bandwidth from HBAs that might be better served dealing with transactional workloads, these operations consumes CPU resources from the servers and even congest network resources when transferring across servers. Freeing these resources help systems run much more efficiently, allowing for compute resources to be better spent servicing business workloads, rather than dealing with the additional overhead of moving these large file objects.

There is also one other area where there’s been a need to deal with moving large file objects around, and this is the world of virtualization. Virtual Machines are in a large part defined by the hard drives that comprise their storage area. In some instances, deployments may wish to copy these virtual machine hard drives (VHDs in Hyper-V . or now the new VHDX format) between systems. This is especially true if the VHDs contain an image of a ‘sysprep’ OS instance, be it Windows Server or Windows client. Deploying VDI style implementations where you may want to copy a large number of VHDs is one such example.

What ODX effectively does is let the array do the actual data transfer internally. No more pulling the data back to the server to subsequently send it back down to the same array. Rather, Windows Server 2012 will coordinate with the array to transfer the blocks that contain the data from one location on one LUN, to a different location on the same LUN, or another LUN – depending on what the copy actually requires. The transfer of the blocks is executed by the array. The coordination of NTFS meta-data changes is handle by the Windows Server 2012 instances involved.

When is ODX enabled?

The enabling of the ODX feature occurs dynamically between a storage array that supports ODX, and the installation of Windows Server 2012. As this is a new feature, you will find that existing arrays with their pre-existing version of firmware or microcode may not support this feature. In general, customers might expect that they will need to update the firmware or microcode on their systems to have this feature. Of course each product is different, and so it will be necessary to check for exact specific vendor.

For EMC storage arrays, this functionality support is being made available in the VNX and VMAX product lines. For both products, this will become available as FLARE and Enginuity updates for VNX and VMAX, respectively. Unfortunately, for customers with prior generations of CLARiiON and Symmetrix DMX products, there are currently no plans to offer ODX implementations.

How does ODX work?

The primary problem for storage arrays is that they are, by and large, oblivious to the existence of volume managers, and these things called files. At the array level, the only important structures are the Logical Block Address ranges specified in SCSI commands. It’s the volume manager that deals with the location of the file within the filesystem, which itself lives within a partition on a LUN. So telling an array to copy a file is a rather complicated problem . from the perspective of the array itself.

The implementation of ODX deals with this by breaking the file into LBA ranges. These are the physical locations of the data comprising the file. There can be one or more ranges for any given file. If a filesystem is highly fragmented, then the file may be resident in lots of different locations across the filesystem.

The point here is that there’s a set of ranges that represent the data of the file. Similarly it’s necessary to have a complementary set of ranges that will hold the data when it is transferred. Given a set of source LBA ranges, and a set of target LBA ranges, the array can now effectively do the copy of those areas from source to target without transferring via the host. The array still doesn’t know what the data is, or that it represents a “file” . it is just dealing with address ranges.

But that is only part of the solution. Remember that there is NTFS meta-data involved. Simply copying blocks of data to a target location does not make a file appear within the NTFS volume. That meta-data change – the creation of the file entity, and matching it’s allocated blocks to point to the similar target LBA address ranges – is the other piece of ODX.

How do you call ODX into action?

To execute ODX operations, requires a “copy engine”, one exists within Windows Server 2012 itself, and it gets invoked whenever the COPY API is used. That sounds more complicated than it is, and just think that any copy operation will automatically call ODX where it can. So if you do a Copy (CTRL-C) and a Paste (CTRL-V) … that will execute ODX if it can. Using File Explorer and dragging a file from one NTFS volume to another … again ODX will be used if possible. Even XCOPY.EXE and any PowerShell commandlet that would invoke ODX, will.

I keep saying “where possible”, and this is a rather important point. Windows 7 supreme edition sp1 x64. ODX requires that the source LUN and the target LUN both support ODX. Clearly doing a copy and paste in the same NTFS volume that is on a single LUN from an array, where that array is running ODX capable code will execute ODX operations. But where it gets tricky is across LUNs on different arrays. Here, there’s a need for the arrays to talk together, and have some way of transferring the blocks across the two arrays. Today, there is no support for using ODX across different arrays. It’s also typically not possible to use ODX from local storage on a server to a LUN on an array. In these cases, copy operations will use the traditional Read/Write operations.

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ODX and Legacy Copy

Perhaps it’s best to think of ODX as a privilege rather than a right. ODX operations, by design, can fail. Storage arrays are physical entities and they have their limits. It could be entirely possible to overwhelm an array with ODX operations, for example, or for the array to simply have a great deal of other work to get done. Arrays are typically expected to service all workloads with some implicit level of performance, and well behaved systems might be expected to not crush the other user workloads. So there are cases where ODX calls could end up being rejected.

A copy engine, when it receives an ODX operational failure, will revert to legacy copy (Read/Write) for the remained of the current “file” copy. A background timer is also started, and this timer is set for 3 minutes. While the current copy engine will continue to process the current file as a legacy operation until it is completed (irrespective of the three minute timer), if it then moves on to a new file copy, and the three minutes have elapsed, then it will attempt ODX again. Any other copy engines will continue to process ODX operations independently – they are not affected by an ODX failure against a different copy engine.

The Fix Is In

Invariably there are items that need some tweaking when you release a new feature. You would be well served to install the latest Windows Fix that includes updates to this feature, and that would be KB2870270 (as of July, 2013). Go straight over to http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2870270 Download it, test it in your environment, and when you get to deploy a server don’t forget to include it.

ODX – When It All Works

Not withstanding all the limitations, and caveats … once ODX is in operation, it can certainly deliver on the promise of optimized operations. Most people would like to focus on the speed aspect, but not in all cases is this just about speed . it’s about not consuming HBA (Fibre Channel) bandwidth, and not choking Ethernet networks with data transfers.

But here’s a sample of what happens when you get ODX right … this is for an EMC VMAX array . don’t assume all arrays will provide this level of performance!

Then there are the rules

Well there’s only really a single rule, and that applies to VMAX. The requirement here is that the NTFS volumes for both source and target destinations have been formatted with an Allocation Unit Size of 64 KB. This is one of those options that are selected when you are creating the NTFS volume. Without this set, you might find that ODX doesn’t happen a lot. The requirement stems from the fact that cache slots on a VMAX array are 64 KB, and we need at least the start of the file to begin on a cache slot boundary – this happens when the file is at a 64 KB boundary. If the NTFS volume starts at a 64 KB boundary (this piece happens by default in Windows Server 2012 and later), and then you set Allocation Unit size to 64 KB (this is the manual intervention required when formatting the volume) … files will start on a boundary, and everything should work.